Billiards use pool balls. They are made of several different materials, but are usually crafted from phenolic resin. Phenolic resin is a mixture of formaldehyde and phenol. These two compounds can be trusted for their strength and resistance to scratches. The mixture is also extremely resistant to high temperatures. The resin will yellow and fade when exposed to sunlight.
Wood was the first material used to make pool balls. These balls were tough, but they crack with age. Leo Baekeland, an engineer and chemist created a new type of plastic that was non-flammable in the 19th century. This material was soon called bakelite and it quickly replaced wood in the production of pool balls.
The creation of pool balls was an expensive process. It took a long time to develop the balls. One could easily cut the ball in half to see what it contained. The balls needed to be formed under high pressure.
After the development of the first form of bakelite, other inventors began exploring chemical substances for making pool balls. These innovations are considered to be pioneering in the field of synthetic plastics.
While phenolic resin is an excellent choice for pool balls, the price is higher than its polyester counterpart. The polyester alternative may be the best option for you if you don’t have the budget to spend on pool balls. The polyester alternative will not keep its color as long as phenolic.
Manufacturing a phenolic resin balls takes 23 days. Each step is carefully checked to ensure that the process is free of impurities. The phenolic resin balls can also be stored at lower temperatures than the polyester balls. They are more durable, last longer and are thus more long-lasting.
Aramith is a leading manufacturer of phenolic resin pools balls. Their phenolic pool balls are extremely durable and retain their shine up to 40 year. They are also cheaper than polyester balls. If you are looking for a higher-quality set of balls, the Aramith Premier includes superior resin technology.
Iszy is another pool ball manufacturer that uses both phenolic resin and polyester resin. These pool balls cost less than phenolic ones, but don't retain their shine as well. Polyester balls are more susceptible to fading and burning spots on the table. Nonetheless, they are still a good option for beginners.
Predator Arcos is another manufacturer that uses a proprietary chemical to make phenolic resin balls. In addition, these balls are through-hardened, so they are more dense. The Iszy marble swirl set is for those who wish to spend less.
Many companies are attempting to replicate the ivory billiard ball experience. The ivory material is no more available. Modern pool balls are made of phenolic and formaldehyde. The current market has approximately 85% phenolic pool ball.